Composting is the biological decomposition of organic waste under controlled aerobic conditions to produce nutrient-rich manure.
Types of Composting
- Aerobic Composting – Requires oxygen; faster process
- Vermicomposting – Uses earthworms (Eisenia fetida)
- In-vessel Composting – Used in urban and industrial setups
Scientific Facts
- Composting reduces waste volume by 40–60%
- Finished compost improves soil water retention by up to 30%
- Reduces chemical fertilizer requirement by 20–30%
Environmental Benefits
- Improves soil fertility
- Reduces landfill dependency
- Lowers carbon footprint
- Enhances agricultural productivity
Composting transforms waste into a valuable resource, promoting circular economy principles.